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Weekend updates. Virtual events. Read the blog. Case studies. Company news. Software updates. The source location raster is a multiband output. The first band contains a row index, and the second band contains a column index.
These indexes identify the location of the source cell that is the least accumulated cost distance away. The initial accumulative cost that will be used to begin the cost calculation.
Allows for the specification of the fixed cost associated with a source. Instead of starting at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the value set by Initial accumulation. The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0. The maximum accumulation for the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations continue for each source until the specified accumulation is reached. The values must be greater than zero. The default accumulation is to the edge of the output raster. The multiplier that will be applied to the cost values.
This allows for control of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a source. The greater the multiplier, the greater the cost to move through each cell. The default is 1.
Specifies the direction of the traveler when applying horizontal and vertical factors. If you select the String option, you can choose between from and to options, which will be applied to all sources.
If you select the Field option, you can select the field from the source data that determines the direction to use for each source. Specifies whether the distance will be calculated using a planar flat earth or a geodesic ellipsoid method.
The Vertical factor object defines the relationship between the vertical cost factor and the vertical relative moving angle VRMA.
The object comes in the following forms: VfBinary , VfLinear , VfInverseLinear , VfSymLinear , VfSymInverseLinear , VfCos , VfSec , VfSec , VfCosSec , VfSecCos , VfTable. The definitions and parameters of these are the following:.
If the VRMA is greater than the low-cut angle and less than the high-cut angle, the VF is set to the value associated with the zero factor; otherwise, it is infinity.
The VF is a linear function of the VRMA in either the negative or positive side of the VRMA, respectively, and the two linear functions are symmetrical with respect to the VF y axis.
The VF is an inverse linear function of the VRMA in either the negative or positive side of the VRMA, respectively, and the two linear functions are symmetrical with respect to the VF y axis.
The VF is the cosine-based function of the VRMA when the VRMA is negative and is the secant-based function of the VRMA when the VRMA is not negative. The VF is the secant-based function of the VRMA when the VRMA is negative and is the cosine-based function of the VRMA when the VRMA is not negative.
A table file will be used to define the vertical-factor graph used to determine the VFs. The modifiers to the vertical parameters are the following:. The Horizontal Factor object defines the relationship between the horizontal cost factor and the horizontal relative moving angle.
The object comes in the following forms: HfBinary , HfForward , HfLinear , HfInverseLinear , and HfTable. The definitions and parameters of these are the following: HfBinary {zeroFactor}, {cutAngle} If the HRMA is less than the cut angle, the HF is set to the value associated with the zero factor; otherwise, it is infinity.
Only forward movement is allowed. If the HRMA is greater than 0 and less than 45 degrees, the HF for the cell is set to the value associated with the zero factor. If the HRMA is greater than or equal to 45 degrees, the side value modifier value is used.
The HF for any HRMA equal to or greater than 90 degrees is set to infinity. A table file will be used to define the horizontal factor graph used to determine the HFs. The modifiers to the horizontal keywords are the following: zeroFactor —The horizontal factor to be used when the HRMA is 0.
This factor positions the y-intercept for any of the horizontal factor functions. cutAngle —The HRMA angle beyond which the HF will be set to infinity. slope —The slope of the straight line used with the HfLinear and HfInverseLinear horizontal-factor keywords.
sideValue —The HF when the HRMA is greater than or equal to 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees when the HfForward horizontal-factor keyword is specified.
inTable —The name of the table defining the HF. The following Python Window script demonstrates how to use the DistanceAccumulation tool. Calculate, for each cell, the least accumulative cost distance to the nearest source, while accounting for surface distance and horizontal and vertical cost factors.
Feedback on this topic? Back to Top. Available with Spatial Analyst license. Summary Calculates accumulated distance for each cell to sources, allowing for straight-line distance, cost distance, and true surface distance, as well as vertical and horizontal cost factors.
Usage The input source data can be a feature class or a raster. The default values for the Vertical factor modifiers are the following: Keyword Zero Low High Slope Power Cos Sec factor cut cut power power angle angle Binary 1. The default values for the Horizontal factor modifiers are the following: Keywords Zero factor Cut angle Slope Side value Binary 1.
When no Extent environment setting is specified, the processing extent is determined in the following way: If only the Input raster or feature source data and Input barrier raster or feature data values are specified, the union of the inputs, expanded by two cell widths on each side, will be used as the processing extent.
Parameters Dialog Python Label Explanation Data Type Input raster or feature source data. Travel from source — The horizontal factor and vertical factor will be applied beginning at the input source and travel out to the nonsource cells.
This is the default. Planar — The distance calculation will be performed on a projected flat plane using a 2D Cartesian coordinate system.
Return Value Label Explanation Data Type Output distance accumulation raster The output distance raster. The output raster is of floating-point type. PLANAR — The distance calculation will be performed on a projected flat plane using a 2D Cartesian coordinate system.
Code sample DistanceAccumulation example 1 Python window The following Python Window script demonstrates how to use the DistanceAccumulation tool.
import arcpy from arcpy import env from arcpy. shp", "barriers. tif" outDistAcc. py Description: Calculates the distance accumulation. Requirements: Spatial Analyst Extension Import system modules import arcpy from arcpy import env from arcpy.
tif" Check out the ArcGIS Spatial Analyst extension license arcpy. Environments Auto Commit , Cell Size , Cell Size Projection Method , Compression , Current Workspace , Extent , Geographic Transformations , Mask , Output CONFIG Keyword , Output Coordinate System , Parallel Processing Factor , Pyramid , Scratch Workspace , Snap Raster , Tile Size.
Licensing information Basic: Requires Spatial Analyst Standard: Requires Spatial Analyst Advanced: Requires Spatial Analyst. In this topic Summary Usage Parameters Environments Licensing information.
The input source locations. Input barrier raster or feature data Optional. The dataset that defines the barriers. Input surface raster Optional.
Input cost raster Optional. Input vertical raster Optional. Vertical factor Optional. The Vertical factor options are as follows: Binary —If the VRMA is greater than the low-cut angle and less than the high-cut angle, the VF is set to the value associated with the zero factor; otherwise, it is infinity.
Linear —The VF is a linear function of the VRMA. Symmetric Linear —The VF is a linear function of the VRMA in either the negative or positive side of the VRMA, respectively, and the two linear functions are symmetrical with respect to the VF y axis.
Inverse Linear —The VF is an inverse linear function of the VRMA. Symmetric Inverse Linear —The VF is an inverse linear function of the VRMA in either the negative or positive side of the VRMA, respectively, and the two linear functions are symmetrical with respect to the VF y axis.
Cos —The VF is the cosine-based function of the VRMA. Sec —The VF is the secant-based function of the VRMA. Cos-Sec —The VF is the cosine-based function of the VRMA when the VRMA is negative and is the secant-based function of the VRMA when the VRMA is not negative.
Sec-Cos —The VF is the secant-based function of the VRMA when the VRMA is negative and is the cosine-based function of the VRMA when the VRMA is not negative. Table —A table file will be used to define the vertical-factor graph that is used to determine the VFs.
Modifiers to the vertical keywords are the following: Zero factor —The vertical factor used when the VRMA is zero. This factor positions the y-intercept of the specified function. By definition, the zero factor is not applicable to any of the trigonometric vertical functions COS, SEC, COS-SEC, or SEC-COS.
The y-intercept is defined by these functions. Low Cut angle —The VRMA angle below which the VF will be set to infinity. High Cut angle —The VRMA angle above which the VF will be set to infinity. Slope —The slope of the straight line used with the Linear and Inverse Linear vertical-factor keywords.
Table name —The name of the table defining the VF. Input horizontal raster Optional. Horizontal factor Optional. The Horizontal factor options are as follows: Binary —If the HRMA is less than the cut angle, the HF is set to the value associated with the zero factor; otherwise, it is infinity.
Forward —Only forward movement is allowed. Linear —The HF is a linear function of the HRMA. Inverse Linear —The HF is an inverse linear function of the HRMA. Table —A table file will be used to define the horizontal factor graph used to determine the HFs.
Modifiers to the horizontal factors are the following: Zero factor —The horizontal factor to be used when the HRMA is zero. Cut angle —The HRMA angle beyond which the HF will be set to infinity. Slope —The slope of the straight line used with the Linear and Inverse Linear horizontal factor keywords.
Side value —The HF when the HRMA is greater than or equal to 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees when the Forward horizontal-factor keyword is specified. Table name —The name of the table defining the HF. Out back direction raster Optional. The output raster is of type float.
Out source direction raster Optional. Out source location raster Optional. Initial accumulation Optional. Maximum accumulation Optional. Multiplier to apply to costs Optional. Travel direction Optional. Travel to source — The horizontal factor and vertical factor will be applied beginning at each nonsource cell and travel back to the input source.
Distance Method Optional. Geodesic — The distance calculation will be performed on the ellipsoid.
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